Definitive hosts: this species infects a variety of mammals, especially ruminants
Site of infection: bile ducts
Typical size: 20-30 mm long x 8-12 mm wide
Distribution: cosmopolitan
Intermediate host: a variety of lymnaeid snail species (about a dozen to date) may be employed, where one sporocyst and 2 redial generations occur. In Kansas, Fossaria bulimoides and Pseudosuccinea columella are two representative hosts (1995, Vet Parasitol 56: 281-291)
Metacercariae: encystment on a variety of aquatic vegetation